皮肤炭疽患者的护理

对12例皮肤炭疽患在治疗的同时，针对患的病情及特点制订详细的护理计划，严格的消毒隔离，加强对损伤皮肤的护理，保护新生皮肤，严格执行无菌操作，预防感染和交叉感染，保证了治疗的顺利进行，12例患经精心治疗护理，均痊愈出院。     

产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株检测及耐药性分析

目的了解我院送检标本中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)细菌的检出率及耐药情况,指导临床医生合理有效地使用抗生素。方法用NCCLS推荐的确证试验对临床分离的198例革兰氏阴性杆菌进行ESBLs鉴定,抗生素敏感测定采用K-B琼脂扩散法。结果共检出产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株42株,总检出率21.4%;其中大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和阴沟肠杆菌的ESBLs检出率分别为20.6%、23.7%及16.7%。检出的产ESBLs细菌对所有青霉素类抗生素产生耐药,多数菌株对三代头孢类抗生素的耐药率>80%,对磺胺类、喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药率也在60%以上。氨基糖苷类对产ESBLs菌表现出较好的抗菌作用,亚胺培南对所有产ESBLs菌表现出最强抗菌作用。结论第三代头孢菌素和亚胺培南的大量应用是产生ESBLs菌的主要原因,亚胺培南、阿米卡星、庆大霉素是产ESBLs菌株临床治疗有效的药物。     

人阴道乳酸杆菌对昆明系小鼠T细胞活性影响

乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus bacillus)作为一种人体生理性益生菌(probiotics),在抗感染、抗肿瘤、抗衰老等方面起有益作用.本实验选择从正常育龄妇女阴道内分离的4株产过氧化氢的乳酸杆菌,观察在不同浓度下对KM小鼠T细胞活性的影响,探讨其对KM系小鼠T细胞的免疫调节机制并筛选出优良菌种和最佳浓度.     

高频电离治疗仪联合局部注射卡介菌核糖核酸治疗尖锐湿疣疗效观察

目的:探讨高频电离治疗仪联合局部注射卡介菌核糖核酸治疗尖锐湿疣(CA)的方法和疗效。方法:应用高频电离治疗仪切除疣体以及局部注射卡介菌核糖核酸(BCG-PSN)等治疗手段,对156例CA患者采取随机分组治疗的临床试验。结果:156例患者随访3～6个月。治疗组痊愈51例,显效20例,无效3例,复发4例,有效率为91.03%;对照组治愈27例,显效14例,无效15例,复发22例,有效率为52.56%。结论:高频电离治疗仪联合局部注射BCG-PSN治疗尖锐湿疗效满意,值得推广。     

夹层杯离心涂片集菌法检测胸腹水抗酸杆菌的初步观察

目的研究夹层杯离心涂片集菌法检测胸腹水抗酸杆菌临床应用。方法对夹层杯离心涂片集菌法和直接涂片法对结核性胸腹水标本的检出阳性率进行比较;并与罗氏培养法比较,考察该方法的临床应用价值。结果结核病人胸腹水标本100份,直接涂片法阳性率25.8%,夹层杯涂片离心集菌法痰涂片阳性率40.8%,两者比较有统计学意义。以罗氏培养法为标准,夹层杯涂片离心集菌法的敏感性、特异性、阳性预期值、阴性预期值及准确性分别为:90.9%、93.8%、97.6%、78.9%和91.7%。结论夹层杯离心涂片集菌法检测胸腹水抗酸杆菌优于直接涂片法,并与罗氏培养法相比有较满意的符合率。     

卡介菌多糖核酸治疗小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘

目的：观察卡介菌多糖核酸注射液在小儿咳嗽变异性哮喘治疗应用的疗效。方法：将本科40例咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿，随机分为治疗组和对照组（各20例）。治疗组给予BCG—PSN＋必可酮气雾剂，对照组：给予单用必可酮气雾剂吸入，连续吸入6周，观察疗效，并进行统计学处理。结果：治疗组总有效率为95％，对照组总有效率为70％，统计学处理总有效率有显著差异（P〈O．01）。结论：卡介菌多糖核酸（polysaccharide nucleic acidfraction of BCG，BCG—PSN）能有效地控制咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）的呼吸道的反复感染，提高免疫功能；与必可酮配合，能有效地控制CVA的复发。     

Inhibitory effects of recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccines coexpressing tandem repeats of MUC1 and GM-CSF on the growth of breast cancer

Objective To construct a recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin( BCG) vaccines based on different tan-dem repeats of MUC1 and GM-CSF,rBCG-MVNTR1 /4 / 8-CSF,and to observe the ability of three recombinant BCG vaccines in the inhibition of breast cancer. Methods After MUC1 variable-number tandem repeats ( MVN-TR1 /4 /8) were cloned in a stepwise manner,the E. coli-Mycobacteria shuttle expression vector pDE22-MVN-TR1 /4 /8-CSF were constructed by fusing MVNTR1 /4 /8 and GM-CSF,and then used to transform competent BCG     

Reactive antibodies against bacillus Calmette‐Guerin heat‐shock protein‐65 potentially predict the outcome of immunotherapy for high‐grade transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

BACKGROUND:

Intravesical immunotherapy with Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) bacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) is the current standard of care against superficial, high‐grade transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder (carcinoma in situ and pathologic T1, grade 3 disease). However, individual patient outcome is barely predictable because of the lack of serum markers. Consequently, progression to muscle‐invasive bladder cancer and critical delay of treatments (such as neoadjuvant combination chemotherapy and/or radical cystectomy) often occur. The objectives of this study were to identify a marker for measuring the BCG‐induced immune response and to predict the outcomes and potential improvements of BCG immunotherapy.

METHODS:

Because host immunoresponse mediates BCG activity, the authors screened a combinatorial random peptide library on the circulating pool of immunoglobulins (Igs) purified from an index patient after successful BCG immunotherapy to identify the corresponding target antigen(s).

RESULTS:

An immunogenic peptide motif was selected, isolated, and validated from M. bovis BCG heat‐shock protein 65 (HSP‐65) as a dominant epitope of the humoral response to treatment. Increasing IgA and IgG anti‐HSP‐65 titers specifically predicted a positive patient outcome in a cohort of patients with bladder cancer relative to several cohorts of control patients.

CONCLUSIONS:

The current results indicated that antibody production against M. bovis BCG HSP‐65 can serve as a serologic marker for the predictive outcome of BCG immunotherapy. Subsequent studies will determine the value of this candidate marker to modify BCG‐based treatment for individual patients with bladder cancer. Cancer 2010. © 2009 American Cancer Society.